An atmosphere comes from atmos, meaning 'vapour', and sphaira, meaning 'ball' or 'sphere' is a layer or a set of layers of gases surrounding a planet or other material body, that is held in place by the gravity of that body. An atmosphere is more likely to be retained if the gravity it is subject to is high and the temperature of the atmosphere is low.
Top 16 Intense and Strongest Cyclones in India :-
Cyclones are strong spiraling winds characterized by a low pressure and numerous thunderstorms.
1. Cyclone Hudhud – 2014.
2. Cyclone Phailin – 2013.
3. Cyclone Helen – 2013.
4. Cyclone Nilam – 2012.
5. Cyclone Phyan – 2009.
6. Odisha Cyclone – 1999 – Strongest.
7. Bhola Cyclone – 1970 – Deadliest.
8. Cyclone Vardah – 2016
9. Cyclone Ockhi – 2017
10. Cyclone Titli – 2018
11. Cyclone Gaja – 2018
12. Cyclone Phethai – 2018
13. Cyclone Fani – 2019
14. Cyclone Amphan – 2020 .
15. Cyclone Tauktae – 2021
16. Cyclone Yaad - 2021
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Cloud cover or cloudiness or cloudage, or cloud amount refers to the fraction of the sky obscured by the clouds when observed from a particular location. Okta is the usual unit of measurement of the cloud cover. The cloud cover is correlated to the sunshine duration as the least cloudy locales are the sunniest ones while the cloudiest areas are the least sunny places.
In meteorology department, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravitational pull from clouds.
The main forms of precipitation include drizzling, rain, sleet, snow, ice pellets, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor (reaching 100% relative humidity), so that the water condenses and "precipitates" or falls. Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but colloids, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called showers.
Weather is the day-to-day or hour-to-hour change in the atmosphere. Weather includes wind, lightning, storms, hurricanes, tornadoes, rain, hail, snow, and lots more. Energy from the Sun affects the weather too. Climate tells us what kinds of weather usually happen in an area at different times of the year. Changes in weather can affect our mood and life. We wear different clothes and do different things in different weather conditions. We choose different foods in different seasons.
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology. IMD is headquartered in Delhi and operates hundreds of observation stations across India and Antarctica. Regional offices are at Chennai, Mumbai, Kolkata, Nagpur, Guwahati and New Delhi.
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